| Change in PHQ-9 depression scores | Weight loss | Weight gain of ≥1% | p-value |
| ≥1 point change in depression score: | |||
| >1% weight loss | N = 779 | N = 731 | 0.037 |
| Improveda depression score, % | 32.9 | 28.7 | |
| Stayed the same, % | 30.7 | 28.5 | |
| Worsenedb depression score, % | 36.5 | 42.8 | |
| >3% weight loss | N = 491 | N = 731 | 0.002 |
| Improved depression score, % | 36.9 | 28.7 | |
| Stayed the same, % | 29.5 | 28.5 | |
| Worsened depression score, % | 33.6 | 42.8 | |
| >5% weight loss | N = 319 | N = 731 | 0.001 |
| Improved depression score, % | 39.8 | 28.7 | |
| Stayed the same, % | 28.2 | 28.5 | |
| Worsened depression score, % | 32.0 | 42.8 | |
| Change in depression severity category: | |||
| >1% weight loss | N = 779 | N = 731 | 0.031 |
| Improvedc depression category, % | 13.2 | 13.3 | |
| Stayed the same, % | 73.7 | 68.8 | |
| Worsenedd depression category, % | 13.1 | 17.9 | |
| >3% weight loss | N = 491 | N = 731 | 0.037 |
| Improved depression category, % | 16.5 | 13.3 | |
| Stayed the same, % | 70.5 | 68.8 | |
| Worsened depression category, % | 13.0 | 17.9 | |
| >5% weight loss | N = 319 | N = 731 | 0.002 |
| Improved depression category, % | 18.2 | 13.3 | |
| Stayed the same, % | 71.8 | 68.8 | |
| Worsened depression category, % | 10.0 | 17.9 |